The Influence of Different Sowing Dates on The Duration of Phenophase Transition in Plants When Growing Bamiya in The Soil and Climatic Conditions of Karakalpakstan

This article presents a scientific analysis of seed germination, growth and development periods, as well as the pace of phenological phases during the cultivation of Bamiya (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) K-78 and K-95 in various sowing dates (April II, III decades and May I, II decades) in the sharply continental climate of the Republic of Karakalpakstan in 2023-2025. According to the research results, in variants sown in the first and second decades of May, seed field germination reached the highest indicator (91-96%), and the time required for seed germination was reduced to 6-8 days. It was also established that when sown in the first decade of May, the fruiting period reached the maximum level of 74 days for the K-78 sample, 74 days for the K-95 sample, and the final harvesting period increased to 131–132 days. Research results show that in the Aral Sea region, the optimal sowing date for obtaining a high and high-quality harvest of bamia is the first decade of May.