The Intersection of Laser Technology and Medical Physics: Current Developments

Laser technology has rapidly advanced across various domains, with particularly transformative impacts in medical physics. Despite widespread application, a significant knowledge gap remains in bridging fundamental laser principles with their safe and effective use in clinical settings. This review explores current developments at the intersection of laser physics and medical applications, highlighting the use of various laser types in diagnostics, surgery, dermatology, and cancer treatment. Through a multidisciplinary methodology combining literature review and case analysis, the study outlines how laser characteristics—such as wavelength specificity, coherence, and precision—enhance medical imaging, therapy, and surgical outcomes. Findings reveal improved targeting, reduced invasiveness, and enhanced therapeutic efficiency in applications ranging from ophthalmology to photodynamic cancer therapy. The results underscore the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration, innovation in laser design, and rigorous safety regulations to harness the full potential of laser technologies in modern medicine.