Prevalence of Hypertension and Orthostatic Hypotension in Supercentenarians: Preliminary Results

Abstract

Purpose of the study— to assess the prevalence and impact on mortality of arterial hypertension (AH) and orthostatic hypotension (OH) in supercentenarians (95 years and older).

Materials and methods The study participants were 82 supercentenarians aged 95 years and older (minimum age 95 years, maximum 105 years) who underwent a comprehensive geriatric assessment at home by a multidisciplinary team (geriatrician, nurse and social worker). Prospective observation lasted 3 years (36 months).

Results: History of hypertension was noted in 78%. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the supine position was 151 ± 27.9 mmHg (100 to 216 mmHg), and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) was 74 ± 12.8 mmHg (44 to 197 mmHg). OH was detected in 31% of 61 centenarians who performed the orthostatic test. The presence of OH was not associated with a higher intake of antihypertensive drugs. Forty-four study participants died within 3 years. Blood pressure (BP), history of hypertension, and the presence of OH did not affect mortality (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Supercentenarians have a wide range of SBP and DBP, a high prevalence of hypertension and OH. Blood pressure level, the presence of hypertension and OH did not affect mortality over 3 years. Additional studies are needed to better understand the health status of centenarians and the factors affecting the prognosis.