Plasma and Urine Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease

Authors

  • Nabil Ibrahim Khader Samin University Kirkuk College of Science Department of chemistry
  • Aseel Abdulazeez Mohammed Ahmed Anbar University College of Science Chemistry sciences
  • Saja Ali Muhaibis Faraj University of Thi Qar College of Science Department of Chemistry
  • Lubna Hamed Yassin Ismael University of Diyala College of Science Department of Chemistry
  • Mustafa Yaseen majeed abd University Kirkuk College of Science Department of chemistry

Keywords:

Chronic Kidney Disease, Biomarkers, Urea, Creatinine, Albumin, Glucose, Early Detection

Abstract

General Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition affecting a significant proportion of the global population, characterized by impaired renal function and associated with high morbidity and mortality. Specific Background: The disease often remains undiagnosed in its early stages due to the absence of noticeable symptoms, leading to late-stage diagnosis and limited treatment options. Biomarkers such as urea, creatinine, albumin, total protein, and glucose are commonly used to assess kidney function, yet their diagnostic utility requires further validation. Knowledge Gap: Despite the clinical importance of these biomarkers, there remains insufficient evidence regarding their early diagnostic value and their comparative significance in CKD progression. Aims: This study aims to evaluate the levels of key plasma and urine biomarkers in CKD patients compared to a control group, providing insights into their potential role in early detection. Results: The findings reveal significantly elevated levels of urea, creatinine, and glucose in CKD patients, while albumin and total protein levels were markedly reduced. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these differences, reinforcing their association with CKD pathology. Novelty: This study provides empirical validation of biomarker alterations in CKD, offering a comprehensive comparison of their diagnostic relevance. Implications: The results emphasize the need for improved screening strategies utilizing these biomarkers for earlier detection, facilitating timely intervention and reducing disease progression risks. These insights contribute to refining CKD diagnostic approaches and optimizing patient management strategies.

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Published

2025-02-25

How to Cite

Khader Samin, N. I., Mohammed Ahmed, A. A., Faraj, S. A. M., Ismael, L. H. Y., & majeed abd, M. Y. (2025). Plasma and Urine Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease. American Journal of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, 2(2), 101–111. Retrieved from https://biojournals.us/index.php/AJBP/article/view/644

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